71 research outputs found
Climate change in game theory
The study provides an overview of the application possibilities of game theory to
climate change. The characteristics of games are adapted to the topics of climate and carbon. The importance of uncertainty, probability, marginal value of adaptation, common pool resources, etc. are tailored to the context of international relations and the challenge of global warming
Monetary efficacy in the community level
Hypothesis of the paper is that the monetary room for manoeuvre in the European Community is determined
by the institutional and strategic characteristics of the ECB, moreover the financial market environment
composed by multi-state community. The methodology of the paper is built on the evaluation of the decision
making and strategy of ECB as institutional aspect, and the monetary transmission in national financial markets.
In policy evaluation, the monetary targeting is surveyed through HICP, monetary base, central bank rates,
exchange rates and treatment of price impacts. The transmission is examined through analysis of structure of the member stateâs financial markets
Modeling the fiscal impacts caused by climate change
Aim of the paper: The purpose is to gather the practices and to model the impacts of climate change on fiscal spending and revenues, responsibilities and opportunities, balance and debt related to climate change (CC). Methodology of the paper: The methodology will distinguish fiscal cost of mitigation and adaptation, besides direct and indirect costs. It will also introduce cost benefit analyses to evaluate the propensity of policy makers for action or passivity. Several scenarios will be drafted to see the different outcomes. The scenarios shall contain the possible losses in the natural and artificial environment and resources. Impacts on public budget are based on damage of income opportunities and capital/wealth/natural assets. There will be a list of actions when the fiscal correction of market failures will be necessary. Findings: There will be a summary and synthesis of estimation models on CC impacts on public finances, and morals of existing/existed budgeting practices on mitigation. The model will be based on damages (and maybe benefits) from CC, adjusted with probabilities of scenarios and policy making propensity for action. Findings will cover the way of funding of fiscal costs. Practical use, value added: From the synthesis of model, the fiscal cost of mitigation and adaptation can be estimated for any developed, emerging and developing countries. The paper will try to reply, also, for the challenge how to harmonize fiscal and developmental sustainability
The Reverse BalassaâSamuelson Effect in the Euro Zone
The debt crisis of the eurozone revealed a structural problem of the single market.
The single currency created a pegged foreign exchange system among the euro member states. Thus, the less competitive countries can not improve their wage
competitiveness through devaluation, but are motivated to extend the current consumption
as the single central bank rate and the zone stability created cheap debt financing. The paper overviews the process of Reverse Balassa-Samuelson effect to
explain the importance of external imbalance in the debt crisis
Climate change in game theory context
The aim of this paper is to survey the game theory modelling of the behaviour of global players in mitigation and adaptation related to climate change. Three main fields are applied for the specific aspects of temperature rise: behaviour games, CPR problem and negotiation games. The game theory instruments are useful in analyzing strategies in uncertain circumstances, such as the occurrence and impacts of climate change. To analyze the international playersâ relations, actions, attitude toward carbon emission, negotiation power and motives, several games are applied for the climate change in this paper. The solution is surveyed, too, for externality problem
Nemzetgazdasågi versenyképesség: elmélet, mérés, esettanulmånyok = Competitiveness of National Economies: Theory, Measurement, Case Studies
MƱhelytanulmĂĄnyunk a nemzeti versenykĂ©pessĂ©g vĂĄllaltokon tĂșli dimenziĂłjĂĄval kĂvĂĄn foglalkozni. A felgyorsult globalizĂĄciĂł korĂĄnak vilĂĄggazdasĂĄgi környezetĂ©ben, ahol a nemzetköziesedett nagyvĂĄllalatok rendelkeznek az erĆforrĂĄsok Ă©s a közvetlen beruhĂĄzĂĄsok jelentĆs rĂ©sze felett Ă©s az egyes regionĂĄlis piacok folyamatai gyorsan ĂĄttevĆdnek mĂĄs rĂ©giĂłkra, a gazdasĂĄgpolitika Ă©s tĂĄgabb Ă©rtelemben az ĂĄllam mozgĂĄstere Ă©s feladata megvĂĄltozott. Ez az orszĂĄgokra nĂ©zve azt jelenti, hogy a stabil ĂŒzleti környezet megteremtĂ©sĂ©vel Ă©s az emberi erĆforrĂĄs illetve a technolĂłgiai infrastruktĂșra, mint hĂĄttĂ©rerĆforrĂĄsok fejlesztĂ©sĂ©vel kĂ©pesek hosszĂștĂĄvon megalapozni a gazdasĂĄgi növekedĂ©st Ă©s felzĂĄrkĂłzĂĄst, fĂŒggetlenĂŒl attĂłl, hogy az eurĂłpai gazdasĂĄgi integrĂĄciĂłs környezetben valĂłsĂtjĂĄk-e meg mindezt. _____ The working paper examines the dimensions of competitiveness over the corporate level. The regional
positions are changing quickly and the room for manoeuvre of the economic policy in national level is
narrowed for attraction of business activities in the era of quickened globalisation. The countries
compete for direct investments with the level of stability in business environment, the quality of human
resource, the development of technological infrastructure. The development of background factors
determines the economic growth
Az ipari parkok szerepe a kĂnai - magyar gazdasĂĄgi kapcsolatok fejlesztĂ©sĂ©ben (Industrial parks in the development of Hungarian â Chinese economic relations)
A kĂnai-magyar gazdasĂĄgi kapcsolatoktĂłl mindenki sokat vĂĄrt eddig, de viszonylag kevĂ©s növekedĂ©si hatĂĄst sikerĂŒlt elĂ©rnie MagyarorszĂĄgnak a dinamikusan felemelkedĆ kĂnai gazdasĂĄgbĂłl. A tanulmĂĄny azt vizsgĂĄlja, hogy az ipari parkok, logisztikai bĂĄzisok terĂ©n mi teheti vonzĂłvĂĄ MagyarorszĂĄgot az EU piacĂĄt megcĂ©lzĂł kĂnai vĂĄllalatok szĂĄmĂĄra, illetve milyen gazdasĂĄgi lehetĆsĂ©gek rejlenek az ipari parkok hĂĄlĂłzatĂĄban ahhoz, hogy a kĂnai növekedĂ©si dinamika valamennyire Ă©rvĂ©nyesĂŒljön a magyar gazdasĂĄgban is. / === / Most of the economic and political actors in Hungary have expected high benefits from the Chinese â Hungarian economic relations, but only moderated growth impact has been imported from the dynamic emerging Chinese economy. The study surveys the potentials of industrial parks and logistic bases whether how much they can add to the attractiveness of Hungary toward the Chinese companies targeting the single market of the EU, and what range of economic opportunities is exploitable in the network of industrial parks for having
the Chinese growth dynamics to prevail particularly in the Hungarian economy
A Transzatlanti kereskedelmi és beruhåzåsi tårsulås és a növekedés. Gyakorlati és módszertani kérdések
A Transzatlanti kereskedelmi Ă©s beruhĂĄzĂĄsi tĂĄrsulĂĄssal (TTIP) kapcsolatosan
szĂĄmos vita, kampĂĄny, elemzĂ©s prĂłbĂĄlja meggyĆzni vagy elriasztani a közvĂ©lemĂ©nyt.
E tanulmĂĄnyban a szerzĆ azt tĂĄrja fel, hogy milyen közgazdasĂĄgi matematikai modelleken alapulnak a TTIP-vel kapcsolatos gazdasĂĄgi hatĂĄsokrĂłl szĂłlĂł becslĂ©sek. Ăttekinti a szĂĄmszerƱsĂtett ĂĄltalĂĄnos egyensĂșlyi modellek (CGE) alkalmazĂĄsi lehetĆsĂ©gĂ©t, közgazdasĂĄgi tartalmĂĄt Ă©s hogy hogyan adaptĂĄltĂĄk mindezt a TTIP növekedĂ©si hatĂĄsaira fĂłkuszĂĄlĂł elemzĂ©sek. Kritikai szemle alĂĄ veszi a CGE modell korlĂĄtait. AlternatĂv megközelĂtĂ©skĂ©nt Ă©rtĂ©keli a Global Policy Model alkalmazĂĄsĂĄra tett kĂsĂ©rletet. Ăsszeveti Ă©s Ă©rtĂ©keli a CGE szemlĂ©letben kĂ©szĂŒlt kĂŒlönbözĆ TTIP elemzĂ©seke
Monetåris hatåsossåg közösségi szinten (The community level efficiency of monetary policy)
A monetĂĄris integrĂĄciĂł központi szereplĆje a KözössĂ©g jegybankja. A közös valuta Ă©rtĂ©kĂĄllĂłsĂĄgĂĄnak közvetlenĂŒl fĆ meghatĂĄrozĂłja a jegybank. MozgĂĄsterĂ©t azonban több tĂ©nyezĆ alakĂtja. E tanulmĂĄny az intĂ©zmĂ©nyi Ă©s stratĂ©giai, a tagĂĄllami (decentralizĂĄlt fiskĂĄlis) Ă©s a pĂ©nzpiaci környezet fĂŒggvĂ©nyĂ©ben vizsgĂĄlja az EurĂłpai Központi Bank (ECB) lehetĆsĂ©geit Ă©s monetĂĄris politikĂĄjĂĄnak hatĂĄsossĂĄgĂĄt. / === / The efficiency of the European Economic and Monetary Union is a big dilemma of European applied economics. The first part introduces the monetary policy made by ECB. Rates and objectives are the framework of efficiency analysis. The second part details the common pool resource problem in the community of EMU countries, and describes the prisoner's dilemma of indebting in a currency community. The EMU practice shows free riding behavior of many member states what generally causes higher default risks. The increasing indebtedness shows dysfunction too, as the ECB must adjust the interest rate to the higher default risk which means cost premiums for fiscally disciplined countries as well. The third part analyses the efficiency of the ECB through the standards of monetary transmission. The updated criteria can explain any success or failure of the ECB in a not perfectly homogeneous community. The measures of transmission used in the study are the way of financing (banks vs. market), terms of financing, structure of the banking sector, private sector indebtedness, structure of savings and wealth, price elasticity, interest rate elasticity, wage elasticity. They show that the single monetary policy can create tension in the community not only because of the fiscal differences but also due to money market discrepancies
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